I should rest then right?

The Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Brain and Behavior Sarah Ledoux
Sleep deprivation is a commonplace occurrence in modern culture. Every day there seems to be twice as much work and half as much time to complete it in. This results in either extended periods of wakefulness or a decrease in sleep over an extended period of time. While some people may like to believe that they can train their bodies to not require as much sleep as they once did this belief is false (1). Sleep is needed to regenerate certain parts of the body, especially the brain, so that it may continue to function optimally. After periods of extended wakefulness or reduced sleep neurons may begin to malfunction, visibly effecting a person's behavior. Some organs, such as muscles, are able to regenerate even when a person is not sleeping so long as they are resting. This could involve lying awake but relaxed within a quite environment. Even though cognitive functions might not seem necessary in this scenario the brain, especially the cerebral cortex, is not able to rest but rather remains semi-alert in a state of "quiet readiness" (2). Certain stages of sleep are needed for the regeneration of neurons within the cerebral cortex while other stages of sleep seem to be used for forming new memories and generating new synaptic connections. The effects of sleep deprivation on behavior have been tested with relation to the presence of activity in different sections of the cerebral cortex.
The temporal lobe of the cerebral cortex is associated with the processing of language. During verbal learning tests on subjects who are fully rested functional magnetic resonance imaging scans show that this area of the brain is very active. However, in sleep deprived subjects there is no activity within this region (3), (4), (5). The effects of this inactivity can be observed by the slurred speech in subjects who have gone for prolonged periods with no sleep (6).

Even severely sleep deprived people are still able to perform to some degree on a verbal learning test. This implies that some other area of the brain must become active to compensate for the loss of temporal lobe functioning. In fact, activity can be seen in the parietal lobe that is not present during verbal learning tests using rested subjects (5). Greater activity within this region corresponded to better performance by subjects in research studies (7). Still, sleep deprived people do not perform as well on these tests as do fully rested subjects (3), (4). One possible reason for the poorer performance after missing sleep, aside from unregenerated neurons, could be the fact that since the parietal lobe is not usually used to performing tasks such as these it is not as adept at carrying them out. Therefore, when control switches from the temporal lobe to the parietal lobe some speed and accuracy is naturally lost. Interestingly, sleep deprived subjects have been shown to have better short-term memory abilities than their well-rested counterparts (6). Since memory is associated with this region of the cerebral cortex the fact that it is already active in sleep deprived people could make it easier for new synapses to be created, thus forming new short-term memories more easily.

While activity is seen within the parietal lobes of rested people as they think through math problems no corresponding activity is visible within the brains of sleep-deprived subjects. Also, no new area of the brain becomes active while the sleep deprived people work on math problems. Since sleep deprived people can still complete math problems, albeit with less speed and accuracy than a well-rested individual, this data implies that a region of the brain already in use is used for this task (1).

The frontal lobe is the most fascinating section of the brain with relation to sleep deprivation. Its functions are associated with speech as well as novel and creative thinking (5). Sleep deprived test subjects have difficulties thinking of imaginative words or ideas. Instead, they tend to choose repetitious words or clichéd phrases. Also, a sleep-deprived individual is less able to deliver a statement well. The subject may show signs of slurred speech, stuttering, speaking in a monotone voice, or speaking at a slower pace than usual (6). Subjects in research studies also have a more difficult time reacting well to unpredicted rapid changes. Sleep deprived people do not have the speed or creative abilities to cope with making quick but logical decisions, nor do they have the ability to implement them well. Studies have demonstrated that a lack of sleep impairs one's ability to simultaneously focus on several different related tasks, reducing the speed as well as the efficiency of one's actions (8). A person may be able to react to a complex scenario when suddenly presented with it but, similar to the verbal tests, the subject will most likely pick an unoriginal solution. If presented with a similar situation multiple times with slight variations in the information presented the subject chooses the same solution, even though it might not be as applicable to the new senario (9).

Part of the frontal lobe, the prefrontal cortex, has several functions specifically coupled with it. Judgment, impulse control, attention, and visual association have all been related to this region of the cerebral cortex (8). A recent study has shown that the prefrontal cortex, usually the most active area of the brain in rested individuals, becomes more active as a person remains awake for long periods of time (3), (4). This region regenerates during the first stage of sleep, giving a person the ability to feel somewhat refreshed after only a short nap (5). The length of the first stage of sleep cycle is somewhat dependant upon how long the person had previously been awake. The longer the period of wakefulness, the longer the brain remains in the first stage of sleep. When the brain enters into the REM stage of sleep the prefrontal cortex is active once more.

The implications of this data seem to be fairly important in supporting the location of the I-function within the brain. The prefrontal cortex is active whenever a person is awake, no matter how little sleep they have had. Also, this area is active while dreaming. Since the individual is aware of him or herself during both of these instances, but is not aware during the stages of sleep when the prefrontal cortex is shut down, it seems logical that the I-function is located within this region. This indicates that the I-function is what is resting and regenerating during the first stage of sleep. It would be interesting to study prefrontal cortex activity while a person is conscious, but unaware of his or her actions, due to an influence such as drugs or alcohol. According to the results of the sleep deprivation studies little or no activity should be seen in the prefrontal cortex at anytime when the individual is unaware of his or herself.

One of the symptoms of prolonged sleep deprivation is hallucinations (10). This could also be related to the I-function since it is the system that integrates the input from all other areas of the brain. If the neurons composing the I-function become too taxed then the picture in the head that the I-function produces may be more dissimilar from reality than usual. The neurons, under pressure to continue functioning but unable to perform optimally, create an image useful enough for a person to see most of his or her surroundings. Metabolic activity in the prefrontal cortex can drop as much as eleven percent after a person has missed sleep for only twenty four hours (8). As a person loses more sleep or continues to receive less-than-adequate amounts of sleep the neurons become even more taxed and the I-function may begin to generate even less coherent images possibly resulting in temporary insanity.

Another piece of evidence supporting the location of the I-function is that mammals have REM sleep whereas cold-blooded animals do not and mammals have a neocortex, located within the prefrontal cortex, while cold-blooded animals do not. REM sleep stimulates areas of the brain used for learning and memory (10). When a person is taught a new skill his or her performance does not improve until he or she receives at least eight hours of sleep (11). An extended period of sleep ensures that the brain will be able to complete the full sleep cycle, including REM sleep. The necessity of sleep for learning could be due to the fact that sleep increases the production of proteins while reducing the rate at which they are broken down (10). Proteins are used to regenerate the neurons within the brain. Without them new synapses may not be able to be formed, thus limiting the amount of information a sleep-deprived individual can maintain.

One of the possible side effects of a continued lack of sleep is death. Usually this is the result of the fact that the immune system is weakened without sleep. The number of white blood cells within the body decreases, as does the activity of the remaining white blood cells. The body also decreases the amount of growth hormone produced (8). The ability of the body to metabolize sugar declines, turning sugar into fat. One study stated that people who sleep less than four hours per night are three times more likely to die within the next six years (11). Although the longest a human has remained awake was eleven days rats that are continually deprived of sleep die within two to five weeks, generally due to their severely weakened immune system (10), (11), (12).

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A FLAT!!!

Wow the day was already pretty awkward, iMean irecieve the dumbest text ever:

YES luv is like a friend love is like in love!

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...AND THEN 4 in the morning, i switch lanes on i-45 and wham! in the rain ugh!!

anyways ya win some you lose some :-/

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You have to know me to understand this blog

Early in the morning? Ugh!!!

An ok Sunday

Besides T.O.N.Y. handling his liquor like a broad, today was Kewl. Chilled with my favorite friend at my first RealD Movie, "Monsters Vs. Aliens" (not bad at all)&&Hit the Rocket's Game. I'm not a Rocket's fan, but to hate the home team is dumb as hell. I'm a Chi-Town native so of course my heart is there. Speaking of the Bulls, they are now 2-2 tied with the Defending Champs, that is an honor to me (and iAm just glad to see they're a factor) iTruly only expected ONE WIN but hey, you can't doubt the heart of a champion.




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As life goes on

OK Time to hit up the Movies, and then the Rocket's Game...
Single Life=Yes!!!
This whole week up until today has been pretty chill for me, NO COMPLAINTS&&I hope it stays this way when iGraduate May 9Th (Excited am i)
At the moment all iWant is some GooD (lol), My Music, Get back on the Track ASAP, and Peace...
*sigh*
And to everyone out there going thru a ruff patch.
Think about the shit that makes you laugh (You can't take the pain with you)

ON ANOTHER NOTE:

{Read between the lines}
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Family Guy Episode 420

Peep the way Seth flips the "Anti-Weed Commercial"..HILLARIOUS!

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Fashion on another level, iMean Seriously...

Sunglasses made for the fashionshow for Klavers van Engelen fall / winter 2008-2009, showed on the Milan fashion week. For all the silhouets go to www.klaversvanengelen.com

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TIME=Fetish

VOID Watches is a new, independent boutique watch brand launched in 2008 as the single vision of Swedish designer David Ericsson. VOID Watches has a unique take on watch design using simple yet expressive shapes, giving our watches an almost architectural expression. Just like a great building is designed to fit its environment, all VOID Watches are made to sit perfectly on your wrist.

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SO AMAZING!!!??

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The Newest Holiday?

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MUSIC MUSIC MUSIC

I'm listening to Officer Ricky's "Deeper Than Rap" & Asher Roth's "Asleep In the Bread Aisle", iHonestly just like the production on a lot of this shyt at the moment. Officer Ricky ain't talkin bout nothing new and Asher is original, but lacks delivery (in my opinion), but for the most part iAm having a bad day... lol



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I'm Having a Relapse-Eminem

The "Relapse" Album cover...Classic of course

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Couldn't Find the Asher Roth anywhere, Damn 4/20 Release date (Should've known!)

Anyways...

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iWish this nigga would just fall off a cliff !Now!

Officer Ricky is the "Gusto" of today, oh you dont know Gusto

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ACCEPT HER...

Everygirl I've met in the last year seems to embody this one flaw, "BEING SELFISH" as hell. Now iMet her, but she gotta guy, and that's actually a good thing. Only time will tell what will go down. I'm not a homewrecker, buuuut

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Just CONFIRMED iAm going to New York & Denver this year...

While she's in bed with him, she thinking of me
(THAT'S LIFE)


This song just makes my situation feel like wOw
{Read between the lines}

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I feel like Jesus has been following me all week lol

It was so nice of Jesus to come down from above and make himself available for the lens of David LaChapelle, can’t think of anyone else that would do Jesus the justice he deserves on camera…

Happy Belated Easter, or Passover for you non Jesus people!




















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The (BEFORE) pictures, iAm confident iWill make magic of this...

Finished results are coming up monthly...Truuust

This is the only thing iAm worried about right now, and that's because of everyone at the moment is full of shiiiiet lol anyways...

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JOHN WATERS BRINGS “REAR PROJECTION” TO HOLLYWOOD

John Waters is a director of some of the most acclaimed highbrow B-movies of all time, Supertouch amigo JOHN WATERS needs no further introduction. Quietly working the night shift as a fine artist for years now, the Baltimore-bound obsessive’s hard work has finally landed him a spot in the most hallowed hall of the modern art world, namely, the GAGOSIAN GALLERY, where the artist’s solo “Rear Projection” show opened to a throng of Hollywood players, weirdos, fanboys and girls, and well-wishing lookie-loos on Saturday nite. Comprised largely of C-prints of photos Waters has taken of TV screens bearing his favorite stills from movies of all kinds, the works pulse with the raw humor and dry wit that is Waters’ hallmark. Of particular note in this top notch collection of works are several large-scale Pop “object” sculptures that include a giant roach motel, a reproduction of the $250-a-jar La Mere face cream (this is Hollywood, after all), and a monster bottle of poppers big enough to keep all of LA bugging for a month. The crown jewel, in Waters’ epic display, however, is the beyond-lifelike sculpture of a dapper Ike Turner circa 1965, kneeling before, and holding the strings of, a marionette doll version of Tina Turner.

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XXL MAGAZINE

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LAST NITE WAS AMAZING SO AMAZING...Yeeea

Hit a couple spots with the homeys, and had a wild sunday night. For some odd reason "Skinny Girls Rule" right now. iGuess cuz they shut the club scene down with the "Freak Um Dresses" lol tooo Sexy, and when iSee them i say, "GO HEAD!"-->memories :-)

<-"Flyer den the rest o dem" ~Wale

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Hopefully when this comes out i'll have a chick that "WILL" enoy it with me...

Words can't express how iEager iAm to see this movie. (Classic Maybe? We'll see)



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HAPPY EASTER!

Imagine finding this little fella in your garden.
THE TINY EASTER BUNNY

iplanned to stay to myself today, since the outside world has let me down several times this week maybe a little peace, quiet, homework, and family love is all iNeed today.

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OK NOW LADIES LETS TURN IT DOWN JUST A LITTLE

YES! The Egos are getting out of hand...I can only understand some of you, buuuuut ...

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A New Method

This afternoon iTried some new methods

iDid 7/8 mile and (2) 1/4 miles

the 7/8 was ran in 6:30;98

the 1st 1/4 mile was ran in 1:51;32

the second 1/4 mile was ran in 1:47;69

This had my heart constantly going, a runner at the park said "the best method is to keep moving because that's what increases stamina"...iNeeded that advise

NOTE TO SELF: Glaceau Vitamin Water is the best& I have an extraordinary smile lol

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VIBE MAGAZINE

iMos Def will be getting this issue, iAm usually a XXL collector, but lately their cover stories have been garbage i.e. Rick Ross is on this month's issue (WACK!), and oh yea the bro bro Nipsey Hu$$le is in this RIHANNA vibe (Slauson Boy!)

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Um..Like..Duh

Today is about to be a fun day before work. Of course iGotta run my mile, but the "interesting" part comes right after ;-) hmmm what a song by the way

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Kanye Vs. South Park ?

Kanye Deserves this lol Gaaaaay Fish!!!!

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BRAGGING RIGHTS?

I think u are fly... I dig your asshole nature...

Major turn on..

Plus you are intellegent...

Not a bad combo...

* wink wink

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I don't get text like this often, but when iDo iWill post them. I can never reveal the sender just know it is "REAL". iLike my life at the moment so much FREEDOM, but iCan't front like the relationship life sucked, but iWon't be doing that crap for a laaaawng while. Time to play now, iNeed some model chicks lol

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The Last "King" Magazine Cover :-(

Nice Way to go out, Joe Beezy's chick has the internet goin' nutz! She does have it all...

NOT IN A GOOD MOOD AT ALL

iCan't believe the BAD NEWS igot last night from J., but this is why she is gone now. iCan't even ask her if it's true because it's nonsense at the end of the day. iHope the little "ACT" was worth it in her eyes. Now that I've been single, ihave felt a little less obligated to take care of anything else, but myself (and those who really deserve my attention). This week has been rough, especially searching for my car part. (AND O YEA THE CAR IS HOME<--Something to smile about :-) )And iAlso put on my bachelor cap today, but iWont go into details on that yet. I'll just keep it pimpin'...Daaayum iAm sleepy, (2 hrs. of sleep&NO CLASS TODAY ugh!)

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Eminem "We Made You"

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I DO love MODEL CHICKS, but if I saw one of them do this I'd die laughing.

Just imagine "Eva" doing this, although my fav model/vixen at the moment is
"Angel Lola" (Her Ghetto-ness is so cute to me idunno)

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Car Accident (WTF)

This is a picture of an accident iWitnessed the other day before work. (It happened on 4/1/09, but damn this was worth being late) Thank God she lived.

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My Escape

Me and my little guy have been chillin' all day. We watched BOLT and Madagascar: Escape 2 Africa and just kicked it. He's bad as hell, but at least iUnderstand his mischievous ways. Times with him are always worth it, and now that ihave more free time hopefully he'll be around me more often. My phone has been OFF since 12 noon (This is my way of escaping + Movies)...Any one who thinks Movies are for people with no imagination should be slapped. Some people read books i.e. The Twilight Series, Harry Potter, etc. and just want to see how it turns out in live action. iHonestly think people who don't watch movies just have short attention spans and can't sit still too long smH...(my Opinion)

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TIME is a FETISH of MINE

Nixon “Time Teller P” watch
Nixon in my opinion is one of the better watch makers. It isn't always about the price to me, but more about the "Originality". This watch would stick out on me like yellow paint. Hopefully Karmaloop picks it up soon, until then...

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And it ENDS :-(

It has just been too heavy, iDon't really want to get that personal on this subject cause it hurts, and shyt is really just too rocky right now. Today's society(slash)world is too money hungry, and I believe true love died along time ago along with other values we held so dearly. iRefuse to be frustrated and confused any longer.

11/19/06
[READ BETWEEN THE LINES]

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The BapeMobile

The Bape General did it once again, this time on one of the most mind-blowing oldtimers of all time - Nigo put his Bape camouflage pattern on the Mercedes 300SL, along with all sorts of other types of customization, such as a custom AMG engine, wheels and more. This is one of the most beautiful cars ever built, thus we are not so sure it really needs the Bape camo make-over, but at least Nigo can be sure it’s a unique piece. Previously Nigo had put the camouflage on a Rolls-Royce Phantom.

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Car Update: More Frustration

Old school cars are hard to shop for, parts are so rare. I've been tracking down peices for this 1986 Pontiac Bonneville, everything is on the NET, so yea "SHIPPING&HANDLING" Daayum!!!

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Insomnia kickin' in again, Ugh no one is up at this time (More Videos)

This song came on the Radio like Ten times today, and it's crazy because on my copy of the Foxx Album, this track is on there and its BEEN a JAM to me (Crazy how its just catching on). Ironically my home girl did say, "I got it" the other day. WoWzers! Very Rare ya KnoW

{Ne-Yo}
I love it cause she got her own She don't need mine, so she leave mine alone
There ain't nothin thats more sexy Than a girl that want, but don't need me
Lovely face Nice thick thighs Plus she got drive that matches my drive
Sexy Thang She's mcfly All the while payin the bills on time
She don't look at me like Captain Save Em Gold Diggin, no she don't do that
Now she lookin me like inspiration She wanna be complimentin my swag
And everything she got, she work for it, good life made for it
She take pride in sayin that she paid for it
Only kind of girl I want Independent queen workin for her throne
I love her cause she got her own

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SOMEBODY DOESN'T KNOW HOW TO USE A STOPWATCH!!

OK why did iJust run 1 mile in 7:36
and the 7/8 mile in 6:40 ??
Me and T.O.N.Y. have some business to attend to.
I have faith in myself, but iKnow ididn't improve thaaaat fast.

Anyways "Food For Thought" for my new new Friend:
A sign of being comfortable is when you leave valuables in my possession knowing there's a chance iCould run off with them. iThink you were just in a hurry, or you felt iWas trustworthy. :-) Either way iFeel good knowing you "WE'RE" comfortable, maybe that's a sign we knew each other in a "Past-Life". *shrugs* idunno

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After a laaaawng ass day

Wow I'm glad this week is almost over; arguing with the GF, lending money to motherfuckers, consoling my ex, putting up with the b.S. at work, and lack of sleep pretty much sums it up. That's my life though and iLOVE it lol ...Got my car coming by the way this weekend (Details coming soon), iThink iPassed my Second Algebra Test, I canceled going to the RELAYS (wow iKnow J.Dot pissed) I haven't been out there to San Marcos yet, and that was the big plan, but he know iGotta make this money. M.O.B.S. (Money over Bullshit) "All money in No money out" ~ Nipsey Hu$$le...Gotta respect that i'm trying to get this bridead lol iKnow he understands cuz that's FAM. TGIF, time for my mile run, but before iBurn out iPromised a list that goes a lot like this:

Top 7 Reasons why "Niggas" cheat
7)Some truly don't know it's wrong (Ignorance)
6)No Good Male Role Model
5)Peer Pressure
4)Lack of Respect/Conscience
3)Alcohol
2)Male Bravado
1)Opportunity

Anything to add besides, "Boys are stupid"? lol

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After a long cluttered, informative, restless, sad, eventful day...I'm gonna study till 5 A.M..

While iWatch Cadillac Records for the first time...btw I'm glad Trey finally did the video because I've overplayed this in the truck along with the Drake mix tape but yea I feel this way too lol BRAND NEW-->nJoy!

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The best sleep Ever Ahhhhh :-D

Yea, iHad to take a break from Philosophy today, so iSlept in and studied for my "Kryptonite" aka "College Algebra"...Algebra is actually why iHaven't graduated, ONLY CLASS iEVER got a "D" in EVER!!!! (Well in college) Anyways more blogs to come, and oh yea stay tuned for the
Top (#?) reasons niggas cheat
me and the homeys had a convo about this last night, and man can iSay "Insightful" ??? Whoa

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